### System details

.

### What's wrong?

During the archinstall phase, there have been a number of users who've received a similar error when trying to setup the LUKS partition. `subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['cryptsetup', 'open', '/dev/nvme0n1p2', 'root', '--type', 'luks2']' returned non-zero exit status 2.`

Details of one user in [this thread](https://discord.com/channels/1390012484194275541/1424047025544233061) - This user never found a solution and wound up installing Arch without an encrypted partition. They even tried a password that was just 12345 to rule out issues with that.

Related:
- https://github.com/archlinux/archinstall/issues/3862
- Another example with separate logs in issue https://github.com/basecamp/omarchy/issues/2393

### Useful Info
```
`man cryptsetup | grep -A 10 "RETURN CODES"`
RETURN CODES
       Cryptsetup returns 0 on success and a non-zero value on error.

       Error codes are: 1 wrong parameters, 2 no permission (bad passphrase), 3 out of memory, 4 wrong device specified, 5 device already exists or device
       is busy.
```

<details>
  <summary>Log Output</summary>

```
[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - DEBUG - Creating yescrypt hash with rounds 5
[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - DEBUG - Hardware model detected: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. MS-7C94; UEFI mode: True
[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - DEBUG - Processor model detected: AMD Ryzen 7 5800X 8-Core Processor
[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - DEBUG - Memory statistics: 15525740 available out of 16291972 total installed
[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - DEBUG - Could not detect virtual system: ['/usr/bin/systemd-detect-virt'] exited with abnormal exit code [1]: none

[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - DEBUG - System is not running in a VM: ['/usr/bin/systemd-detect-virt'] exited with abnormal exit code [1]: none

[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - DEBUG - Virtualization detected: None; is VM: False
[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - DEBUG - Graphics devices detected: dict_keys(['NVIDIA Corporation AD104 [GeForce RTX 4070 SUPER] (rev a1)'])
[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - DEBUG - Disk states before installing:
{
    "blockdevices": [
        {
            "name": "loop0",
            "path": "/dev/loop0",
            "pkname": null,
            "log_sec": 512,
            "size": "5881 MiB",
            "pttype": null,
            "ptuuid": null,
            "rota": true,
            "tran": null,
            "partn": null,
            "partuuid": null,
            "parttype": null,
            "uuid": null,
            "fstype": "squashfs",
            "fsver": "4.0",
            "fsavail": 0,
            "fsuse_percentage": "100%",
            "type": "loop",
            "mountpoint": "/run/archiso/airootfs",
            "mountpoints": [
                "/run/archiso/airootfs"
            ],
            "fsroots": [
                "/"
            ],
            "children": []
        },
        {
            "name": "sda",
            "path": "/dev/sda",
            "pkname": null,
            "log_sec": 512,
            "size": "118000 MiB",
            "pttype": "dos",
            "ptuuid": "da23c8af",
            "rota": true,
            "tran": "usb",
            "partn": null,
            "partuuid": null,
            "parttype": null,
            "uuid": "2025-10-24-08-10-58-00",
            "fstype": "iso9660",
            "fsver": "Joliet Extension",
            "fsavail": null,
            "fsuse_percentage": null,
            "type": "disk",
            "mountpoint": null,
            "mountpoints": [],
            "fsroots": [],
            "children": [
                {
                    "name": "sda1",
                    "path": "/dev/sda1",
                    "pkname": "sda",
                    "log_sec": 512,
                    "size": "6375 MiB",
                    "pttype": "dos",
                    "ptuuid": "da23c8af",
                    "rota": true,
                    "tran": null,
                    "partn": 1,
                    "partuuid": "da23c8af-01",
                    "parttype": "0x0",
                    "uuid": "2025-10-24-08-10-58-00",
                    "fstype": "iso9660",
                    "fsver": "Joliet Extension",
                    "fsavail": 0,
                    "fsuse_percentage": "100%",
                    "type": "part",
                    "mountpoint": "/run/archiso/bootmnt",
                    "mountpoints": [
                        "/run/archiso/bootmnt"
                    ],
                    "fsroots": [
                        "/"
                    ],
                    "children": []
                },
                {
                    "name": "sda2",
                    "path": "/dev/sda2",
                    "pkname": "sda",
                    "log_sec": 512,
                    "size": "24 MiB",
                    "pttype": "dos",
                    "ptuuid": "da23c8af",
                    "rota": true,
                    "tran": null,
                    "partn": 2,
                    "partuuid": "da23c8af-02",
                    "parttype": "0xef",
                    "uuid": "68FB-3492",
                    "fstype": "vfat",
                    "fsver": "FAT16",
                    "fsavail": null,
                    "fsuse_percentage": null,
                    "type": "part",
                    "mountpoint": null,
                    "mountpoints": [],
                    "fsroots": [],
                    "children": []
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "nvme0n1",
            "path": "/dev/nvme0n1",
            "pkname": null,
            "log_sec": 512,
            "size": "953869 MiB",
            "pttype": "gpt",
            "ptuuid": "b1194605-13c3-4211-8894-1c2f66133e08",
            "rota": false,
            "tran": "nvme",
            "partn": null,
            "partuuid": null,
            "parttype": null,
            "uuid": null,
            "fstype": null,
            "fsver": null,
            "fsavail": null,
            "fsuse_percentage": null,
            "type": "disk",
            "mountpoint": null,
            "mountpoints": [],
            "fsroots": [],
            "children": []
        }
    ]
}
[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - INFO - Fetching Arch Linux package database...
[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - INFO - Checking version...
[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - DEBUG - Failed to check for package upgrades: archinstall
[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - DEBUG - No archinstall upgrades found
[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - DEBUG -  -- Chosen configuration --
[2025-10-25 20:09:10] - DEBUG - {
    "app_config": {
        "audio_config": {
            "audio": "pipewire"
        }
    },
    "archinstall-language": "English",
    "auth_config": {},
    "bootloader": "Limine",
    "custom_commands": [],
    "disk_config": {
        "btrfs_options": {
            "snapshot_config": {
                "type": "Snapper"
            }
        },
        "config_type": "default_layout",
        "device_modifications": [
            {
                "device": "/dev/nvme0n1",
                "partitions": [
                    {
                        "btrfs": [],
                        "dev_path": null,
                        "flags": [
                            "boot",
                            "esp"
                        ],
                        "fs_type": "fat32",
                        "mount_options": [],
                        "mountpoint": "/boot",
                        "obj_id": "ea21d3f2-82bb-49cc-ab5d-6f81ae94e18d",
                        "size": {
                            "sector_size": {
                                "unit": "B",
                                "value": 512
                            },
                            "unit": "B",
                            "value": 2147483648
                        },
                        "start": {
                            "sector_size": {
                                "unit": "B",
                                "value": 512
                            },
                            "unit": "B",
                            "value": 1048576
                        },
                        "status": "create",
                        "type": "primary"
                    },
                    {
                        "btrfs": [
                            {
                                "mountpoint": "/",
                                "name": "@"
                            },
                            {
                                "mountpoint": "/home",
                                "name": "@home"
                            },
                            {
                                "mountpoint": "/var/log",
                                "name": "@log"
                            },
                            {
                                "mountpoint": "/var/cache/pacman/pkg",
                                "name": "@pkg"
                            }
                        ],
                        "dev_path": null,
                        "flags": [],
                        "fs_type": "btrfs",
                        "mount_options": [
                            "compress=zstd"
                        ],
                        "mountpoint": null,
                        "obj_id": "8c2c2b92-1070-455d-b76a-56263bab24aa",
                        "size": {
                            "sector_size": {
                                "unit": "B",
                                "value": 512
                            },
                            "unit": "B",
                            "value": 998054559744
                        },
                        "start": {
                            "sector_size": {
                                "unit": "B",
                                "value": 512
                            },
                            "unit": "B",
                            "value": 2148532224
                        },
                        "status": "create",
                        "type": "primary"
                    }
                ],
                "wipe": true
            }
        ],
        "disk_encryption": {
            "encryption_type": "luks",
            "iter_time": 2000,
            "lvm_volumes": [],
            "partitions": [
                "8c2c2b92-1070-455d-b76a-56263bab24aa"
            ]
        }
    },
    "hostname": "batman",
    "kernels": [
        "linux"
    ],
    "locale_config": {
        "kb_layout": "us",
        "sys_enc": "UTF-8",
        "sys_lang": "en_US.UTF-8"
    },
    "mirror_config": {
        "custom_repositories": [],
        "custom_servers": [
            {
                "url": "https://mirror.omarchy.org/$repo/os/$arch"
            },
            {
                "url": "https://mirror.rackspace.com/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch"
            },
            {
                "url": "https://geo.mirror.pkgbuild.com/$repo/os/$arch"
            }
        ],
        "mirror_regions": {},
        "optional_repositories": []
    },
    "network_config": {
        "type": "iso"
    },
    "ntp": true,
    "packages": [
        "base-devel",
        "git"
    ],
    "parallel_downloads": 8,
    "profile_config": {
        "gfx_driver": null,
        "greeter": null,
        "profile": {}
    },
    "script": null,
    "services": [],
    "swap": true,
    "timezone": "Europe/Madrid",
    "version": "3.0.11"
}
[2025-10-25 20:09:15] - DEBUG - Unmounting all existing partitions: /dev/nvme0n1
[2025-10-25 20:09:15] - INFO - Wiping partitions and metadata: /dev/nvme0n1
[2025-10-25 20:09:15] - INFO - Creating partitions: /dev/nvme0n1
[2025-10-25 20:09:15] - DEBUG - 	Type: primary
[2025-10-25 20:09:15] - DEBUG - 	Filesystem: fat32
[2025-10-25 20:09:15] - DEBUG - 	Geometry: 2048 start sector, 4194304 length
[2025-10-25 20:09:15] - DEBUG - 	Type: primary
[2025-10-25 20:09:15] - DEBUG - 	Filesystem: btrfs
[2025-10-25 20:09:15] - DEBUG - 	Geometry: 4196352 start sector, 1949325312 length
[2025-10-25 20:09:15] - DEBUG - Formatting filesystem: mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/nvme0n1p1
[2025-10-25 20:09:15] - DEBUG - partition information found: {"name":"nvme0n1p1","path":"/dev/nvme0n1p1","pkname":"nvme0n1","log_sec":512,"size":"2048 MiB","pttype":"gpt","ptuuid":"0fc69cf5-0eeb-440e-85d2-a3e4e2cbeea7","rota":false,"tran":"nvme","partn":1,"partuuid":"fa87f136-17a6-45ef-b25a-27391a1247bb","parttype":"c12a7328-f81f-11d2-ba4b-00a0c93ec93b","uuid":"E6B7-267B","fstype":"vfat","fsver":"FAT32","fsavail":null,"fsuse_percentage":null,"type":"part","mountpoint":null,"mountpoints":[],"fsroots":[],"children":[]}
[2025-10-25 20:09:15] - DEBUG - Luks2 encrypting: /dev/nvme0n1p2
[2025-10-25 20:09:15] - DEBUG - cryptsetup format: cryptsetup --batch-mode --verbose --type luks2 --pbkdf argon2id --hash sha512 --key-size 512 --iter-time 2000 --use-urandom luksFormat /dev/nvme0n1p2
[2025-10-25 20:09:22] - DEBUG - cryptsetup luksFormat output: Existing 'crypto_LUKS' superblock signature on device /dev/nvme0n1p2 will be wiped.
Existing 'crypto_LUKS' superblock signature on device /dev/nvme0n1p2 will be wiped.
Key slot 0 created.
Command successful.
[2025-10-25 20:09:22] - DEBUG - Unlocking luks2 device: /dev/nvme0n1p2
[2025-10-25 20:09:24] - ERROR - Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.13/site-packages/archinstall/__init__.py", line 104, in run_as_a_module
    rc = main()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.13/site-packages/archinstall/__init__.py", line 94, in main
    importlib.import_module(mod_name)
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/lib/python3.13/importlib/__init__.py", line 88, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1387, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1360, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1331, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 935, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 1026, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 488, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/usr/lib/python3.13/site-packages/archinstall/scripts/guided.py", line 212, in <module>
    guided()
    ~~~~~~^^
  File "/usr/lib/python3.13/site-packages/archinstall/scripts/guided.py", line 207, in guided
    fs_handler.perform_filesystem_operations()
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
  File "/usr/lib/python3.13/site-packages/archinstall/lib/disk/filesystem.py", line 72, in perform_filesystem_operations
    self._format_partitions(mod.partitions)
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/lib/python3.13/site-packages/archinstall/lib/disk/filesystem.py", line 95, in _format_partitions
    device_handler.format_encrypted(
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
    	part_mod.safe_dev_path,
     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    ...<2 lines>...
    	self._enc_config,
     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    )
    ^
  File "/usr/lib/python3.13/site-packages/archinstall/lib/disk/device_handler.py", line 358, in format_encrypted
    luks_handler.unlock(key_file=key_file)
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/lib/python3.13/site-packages/archinstall/lib/luks.py", line 158, in unlock
    result = run(cmd, input_data=passphrase)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.13/site-packages/archinstall/lib/general.py", line 448, in run
    return subprocess.run(
           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
    	cmd,
     ^^^^
    ...<3 lines>...
    	check=True,
     ^^^^^^^^^^^
    )
    ^
  File "/usr/lib/python3.13/subprocess.py", line 577, in run
    raise CalledProcessError(retcode, process.args,
                             output=stdout, stderr=stderr)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['cryptsetup', 'open', '/dev/nvme0n1p2', 'root', '--type', 'luks2']' returned non-zero exit status 2.

[2025-10-25 20:09:24] - WARNING - Archinstall experienced the above error. If you think this is a bug, please report it to
https://github.com/archlinux/archinstall and include the log file "/var/log/archinstall/install.log".

Hint: To extract the log from a live ISO 
curl -F'file=@/var/log/archinstall/install.log' https://0x0.st
```
</details>